In-kind transfer programmes
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Cash transfers can outperform more complex economic aid programmes
Benchmarking multi-dimensional in-kind programmes against cost-equivalent unconditional cash transfers reveals that cash can be more effective in improving consumption and asset accumulation.
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Curbing leakage in public programmes: Evidence from India’s Direct Benefit Transfer Policy for LPG subsidies
Transferring subsidies directly to the programme beneficiaries in in-kind transfer programmes can help in reducing leakages